April 8, 2018

Melanoma

Its is a skin cancer of melanocytes, that produce the pigment to give the skin colour & is commonly found in people with fairer skin and less commonly in darker skin people.

They starts with a brown or black patch & sometime may appear as a mole, can occur anywhere on the body, but the most commonly affected areas are the back in men and the legs in women & the sun exposed part is commonly affected.

These are of following types

Amelanotic melanoma

Acral lentiginous melanoma

Lentigo maligna melanoma

Nodular melanoma

Superficial spreading melanoma

Treatment includes

Surgery in the early stages.

Advanced cases includes chemotherapy depending upon the stages.

Prevention is through wearing SUNSCREEN, avoid TANNING BEDS & BOOTHS and avoid peak hour sunlight.

 

 

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Ichthyosis (ick-thee-OH-sis) is a skin disease that causes extremely dry, thick, and scaly skin resembles fish scales.

These are a heterogeneous group of disorders with both inherited and acquired forms. these are the types
Ichthyosis Vulgaris- Most common type of icthyosis Lamellar Ichthyosis- Lamellar ichthyosis is characterized by dark, plate (armor)-like scale. Epidermolytic Hyperkeratosis- characterized by generalized redness and fine white scale Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma- newborn infant with ichthyosis who presented at birth with collodion baby appearance. X-linked Ichthyosis- due to a defect in the enzyme steroid sulfatase, affects males with generalized scaling that usually begins soon after birth.

Ichthyosis Treatment

Several hours each day may need to be devoted the skin if ichthyosis is present in an individual. Daily, a person will need to take a shower or a bath. The skin should be exfoliated on a daily basis, and moisturised well. Moisturising ointments or creams may need to be prescribed by a dermatologist for the individual. Oral retinoids can be prescribed to reduce scaling. If a secondary infection occurs on the skin, oral antibiotics will need to be prescribed. Tips that will help keep the skin looking and feeling its best include applying a good quality lotion within 3 minutes of bathing. Apply to wet skin to keep moisture trapped into the skin. Products that contain lactic acid, alpha hydroxy acids and urea will help to keep skin not only moisturised but also exfoliated. Rubbing a wet pumice stone over crusty scales on the skin can help to remove them. Should there be scales on the scalp, brushing wet hair gently will aid in removing the scales.  

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