April 7, 2018

Spider Veins / Thread veins

Spider veins or Telangiectasia are thin, squiggly lines, blue, red or purple made of small blood vessels that are closely adhered to the skin surface commonly seen over face & legs. women are more prone to them because of hormonal influences during pregnancy & menopause otherwise they are commonly found in elderly people, as they have got poor skin elasticity. Exact cause is sill unknown but obesity, radiotherapy, sedentary life style, steroids,OCP, and conditions which causing pressure on the stomach like girdles, constipation, tumours can also cause spider veins to appear.

A person may experience restless legs, swelling, pain after long standing, itchy rash & cramping

Thread veins may also cause or increase the risk of other more serious health problems, such as:

  • Deep vein thrombosis: A blood clot in the vein. This causes a feeling of pulling on the calf, redness, swelling, excess warmth, and pain.
  • Bleeding: When veins get too big the skin around them may become thinner. If there is an injury in that area blood loss will be more significant.
  • Skin ulcers or sores: Long-term blood back-up turns into sores and skin sores that are hard to heal. At times reparation of the vein is required to ensure the problem is reversed.
  • Superficial thrombophlebitis: A clot of blood forms under the skin. This may cause swelling and pain, redness in the skin, tenderness, and warmness.

Treatments

Q-switched Nd: YAG laser has shown favourable results in patients with spider veins of the legs but because of pain, scarring, hyperpigmentation and ulceration, laser have limited popularity.

Sclerotherapy is another choice, in which a sclerosant is introduced into the blood vessels is very much popular amongst the physicians.

Laser shown good results in treating facial telangiectasis.

Leg elevation & compression therapy is the other conservative ways to control spider veins.

 

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Ichthyosis (ick-thee-OH-sis) is a skin disease that causes extremely dry, thick, and scaly skin resembles fish scales.

These are a heterogeneous group of disorders with both inherited and acquired forms. these are the types
Ichthyosis Vulgaris- Most common type of icthyosis Lamellar Ichthyosis- Lamellar ichthyosis is characterized by dark, plate (armor)-like scale. Epidermolytic Hyperkeratosis- characterized by generalized redness and fine white scale Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma- newborn infant with ichthyosis who presented at birth with collodion baby appearance. X-linked Ichthyosis- due to a defect in the enzyme steroid sulfatase, affects males with generalized scaling that usually begins soon after birth.

Ichthyosis Treatment

Several hours each day may need to be devoted the skin if ichthyosis is present in an individual. Daily, a person will need to take a shower or a bath. The skin should be exfoliated on a daily basis, and moisturised well. Moisturising ointments or creams may need to be prescribed by a dermatologist for the individual. Oral retinoids can be prescribed to reduce scaling. If a secondary infection occurs on the skin, oral antibiotics will need to be prescribed. Tips that will help keep the skin looking and feeling its best include applying a good quality lotion within 3 minutes of bathing. Apply to wet skin to keep moisture trapped into the skin. Products that contain lactic acid, alpha hydroxy acids and urea will help to keep skin not only moisturised but also exfoliated. Rubbing a wet pumice stone over crusty scales on the skin can help to remove them. Should there be scales on the scalp, brushing wet hair gently will aid in removing the scales.  

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